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}} | school_tradition= | main_interests = | books = | alma_mater = | institutions = | notable_ideas = | influences = | influenced = | awards = | signature = | signature_alt = | signature_size = | website = }} Sir Karl Raimund Popper (28 July 1902 – 17 September 1994) was an Austrian-British philosopher and professor.〔Watkins, J. Obituary of Karl Popper, 1902–1994. ''Proceedings of the British Academy'', 94, pp. 645–684〕〔(Karl Popper (1902-94) advocated by Andrew Marr ) BBC In Our Time - Greatest Philosopher, Retrieved Jan 2015〕〔Adams, I.; Dyson, R.W., (''Fifty Major Political Thinkers'' ), Routledge, 2007, p. 196. "He became a British citizen in 1945".〕 He is generally regarded as one of the greatest philosophers of science of the 20th century.〔See Stephen Thornton, ("Karl Popper" ), in ''The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy'' (Summer 2009 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.)〕〔Horgan, J. (1992) ''Profile: Karl R. Popper – The Intellectual Warrior'', Scientific American 267(5), 38–44.〕 Popper is known for his rejection of the classical inductivist views on the scientific method, in favour of empirical falsification: A theory in the empirical sciences can never be proven, but it can be falsified, meaning that it can and should be scrutinized by decisive experiments. If the outcome of an experiment contradicts the theory, one should refrain from ad hoc manoeuvres that evade the contradiction merely by making it less falsifiable. Popper is also known for his opposition to the classical justificationist account of knowledge, which he replaced with critical rationalism, "the first ''non-justificational philosophy of criticism'' in the history of philosophy."〔William W. Bartley: (Rationality versus the Theory of Rationality ), In Mario Bunge: ''The Critical Approach to Science and Philosophy'' (The Free Press of Glencoe, 1964), section IX.〕 In political discourse, he is known for his vigorous defence of liberal democracy and the principles of social criticism that he came to believe made a flourishing "open society" possible. His political philosophy embraces ideas from all major democratic political ideologies and attempts to reconcile them: social democracy, classical liberalism, libertarianism, conservatism, and socialism. ==Personal life== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Karl Popper」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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